Annotate Bibliography
Lim, Chris, et al. “Human Trafficking and Child Welfare: A Discussion of Advocacy, Promising Practices, and Implications.” Best Practice in Mental Health, vol. 16, no. 2, Fall 2020, pp. 21–39. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=cookie,ip,url,cpid&custid=s4640792&db=aph&AN=147164289&site=ehost-live
This article focuses on the role child welfare agencies play in the fight against human trafficking, with an emphasis on child trafficking. The article speaks of child trafficking in terms of trafficking for the purposes of both sex and labor. The article’s main topic is how child welfare agencies are the front line organizations, whose duties require them to identify and assess child trafficking, and intervene on behalf of the children who are at risk.
The authors argue that, identifying victims of child trafficking is a key factor for child welfare agencies to be successful in the intervention of trafficking cases. The authors assert, an effective means to increase identification of victims, is through public education and awareness. Increased public support and cooperation amongst various agencies, such as law enforcement and social workers, allows for better chances of victim identification, which in turns aides child welfare agencies. This strategy is perfectly in line with an advocacy website which informs the public about child trafficking and provides links to various resources and / or agencies associated with child trafficking.
Munger, Frank W. “Advocacy at the Leading Edge of Social Change: The Importance of Front Line Innovators.” New York Law School Law Review, vol. 60, no. 3/4, July 2015, pp. 567–583. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=cookie,ip,url,cpid&custid=s4640792&db=aph&AN=122783562&site=ehost-live.
Munger’s article focuses on the federal legislation known as, the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA). The cornerstone of the act developed an outline for integrating advocates and government agencies in combating trafficking. Munger highlights the benefit such legislation has had on the efficiency of advocacy for human rights within the realm of human trafficking.
Munger substantiates his argument with a brief historical rundown of the TVPA, and by giving a summary of the changes that have occurred as a result of the TVPA and subsequent legislations resulting from the TVPA. A significant result of the TVPA was a shift in advocacy from small specified interests to a more united comprehensive front, with advocates for human trafficking, domestic violence, gender discrimination, justice for immigrants, low wage-worker organizing, and human rights, realizing their similar experiences and common interests. This kind of recognition and cooperation with other related social advocacy topics provides crucial additional information to be used in an advocacy site promoting the fight against human trafficking.
O’Brien, Erin. “Human Trafficking Heroes and Villains.” Social & Legal Studies, vol. 25, no. 2, Apr. 2016, pp. 205-224. EBSCOhost, doi: 10.1177/0964663915593410.
O’Brien’s article addresses the vast number of anti-trafficking campaigns that have arisen with the increase in public and governmental awareness of the issue. O’Brien focuses on the way the typical trafficker is portrayed in these campaigns. O’Brien argues that the focus of many campaigns targeting sex traffickers are too limited, while labor trafficking campaigns are more encompassing. This discrepancy causes the blame to be too limited on sex cases and it may also obscure identification of labor traffickers.
O’Brien analyzes eighteen different campaigns against trafficking in which traffickers were depicted. O’Brien’s analyses showed that too often in anti-sex trafficker campaigns, individual violators were sought out, but not enough blame focused on the sex industry, while those campaigns which targeted labor traffickers did well to identify the problem of consumerism. Being aware of this possible pitfall can help one avoid the same mistake when developing an advocacy site promoting human trafficking awareness.
Vandenberg, Martina E. “Innovations in the Fight Against Human Trafficking: Listening to Trafficking Survivors, Fighting for Justice.” New York Law School Law Review, vol. 60, no. 3/4, July 2015, pp. 631–647. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=cookie,ip,url,cpid&custid=s4640792&db=aph&AN=122783567&site=ehost-live.
Vandenberg writes of the recent encouraging trend in which victims of human trafficking are choosing to speak out against their traffickers and share their stories with others. Vandenberg asserts that these victims’ stories have large consequences for advocates and attorneys. Specifically, Vandenberg focus on the effect legal counsel has on victims’ representation and restitution.
Vandenberg’s insight into how victims are affected by legal representation is a mixture of firsthand accounts from victims, including books written by victims, statistical data, and case precedence. Vandenberg advocates for the better education of lawyers regarding the needs of trafficking victims and advocates for pro bono representation. Links to non-governmental organizations who make referrals to pro bono counselors will be important on an advocacy page. In addition, many of the books referenced offer great popular sources for interested viewers to gain further insight into human trafficking. Perhaps victims of human trafficking will see these legal resources and survivor stories, and be encouraged to use the resources for themselves.
Zhu, Toby, et al. “Curriculum in Action: Teaching Students to Combat Human Trafficking.” Education & Urban Society, vol. 52, no. 9, Dec. 2020, pp. 1351–1371. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1177/0013124520911909.
The study in the article sought to determine if curriculum administered to students regarding human trafficking was an effective counter measure in combating it. The study found that anti-trafficking curriculum taught in public schools could be implemented successfully. When implemented, findings indicated such teaching was effective in raising awareness and engagement amongst the students.
The researchers used teacher and student focus group interviews before, during, after the human trafficking curriculum was introduced. The study had encouraging results for one wishing to make a difference with an advocacy site. The findings mentioned that some of the most effective material, that garnered the most student interaction, was material which contained real life accounts of victims. This finding further boasts the importance of including such testimonials on anti-trafficking advocacy site.
ONLINE SOURCES CITED:
“10 Facts about Human Trafficking.” Human Rights Careers, 10 Dec. 2019, www.humanrightscareers.com/issues/facts-human-trafficking/
“11 Facts About Human Trafficking.” DoSomething.org, www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-human-trafficking
Associated Press. “Amsterdam Sex Workers Angry at Red Light District Tours Ban - The Boston Globe.” BostonGlobe.com, The Boston Globe, 2 Apr. 2019, www.bostonglobe.com/news/world/2019/04/02/amsterdam-sex-workers-angry-red-light-district-tours-ban/84E1Hi1yqmCgm3UnTkGCkO/story.html
Barnes, Rebecca, and Katherine Gotthardt. Halting Human Trafficking. 28 Feb. 2020, princewilliamliving.com/halting-human-trafficking/#prettyPhoto
Bergman, Katie. Should i Volunteer with an Anti-Human Trafficking Program? 2017, www.vergemagazine.com/volunteer-abroad/articles/2095-should-i-volunteer-with-a-anti-human-trafficking-program.html
Bobrow, Mary Anne. COVID-19's Impact on Human Trafficking: MPI. 29 July 2020, www.mpi.org/blog/article/covid-19-s-impact-on-human-trafficking
California, State of. Human Trafficking. 2016, victims.ca.gov/victims/issues/humantrafficking/
“Facts on Human Trafficking.” Sisters of Mercy, 2020, www.sistersofmercy.org/resources/facts-on-human-trafficking/
“H.E.A.T. Watch – Stop Human Exploitation and Trafficking.” Human Trafficking: Statistics - H.E.A.T.Watch, www.heatwatch.org/human_trafficking/statistics
Hillman, Michelle. Human Trafficking Does Not Happen Elsewhere, It Happens Here. 6 Mar. 2019, www.waysideyouth.org/2019/03/06/human-trafficking-does-not-happen-elsewhere-it-happens-here/
Human Trafficking Ring Dismantled. 27 Jan. 2015, www.fbi.gov/news/stories/human-trafficking-ring-dismantled
“Human Trafficking Statistics & Facts.” Safe Horizon, 2021, www.safehorizon.org/get-informed/human-trafficking-statistics-facts/#statistics-and-facts/
Koscak, Paul. “CBP TAKES AIM AT FORCED LABOR.” U.S. Customs and Border Protection, www.cbp.gov/frontline/cbp-takes-aim-forced-labor
Oliver. Human Trafficking – Doing Business with Human Goods. 31 July 2019, www.humanium.org/en/human-trafficking/
“Recognizing Human Trafficking.” Polaris, 18 Feb. 2021, polarisproject.org/sex-trafficking/
“Victims/Survivors: Human Trafficking: OVC.” Office for Victims of Crime, 28 Apr. 2020, ovc.ojp.gov/program/human-trafficking/victimssurvivors#zv5bgq
Wanderer. “Breaking the Shackles of the Past.” My Sunshine...., 29 Oct. 2018, ohwomaniyablog.wordpress.com/2018/08/16/breaking-the-shackles-of-the-past/
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